Forming:
1. Participial adjectives equivalent to those in -ated: desolate, separate.
2. Adjectives from nouns with the meaning "possessing or characterized by": caudate, foliate.
3. Verbs, originally from stems of Latin verbs of the first conjugation, and, by analogy, extended to other stems: fascinate, assassinate.
4. Chem. Verbs with the meaning "combine or treat with": chlorinate. [<L -atus, pp. ending of 1st conjugation verbs]

Forming:
1. Nouns denoting office, function, or agent: magistrate.
2. Nouns denoting the object or result of an action: mandate. [<L -atus, suffix of nouns]

Chem.
Used to form the names of salts and esters derived from acids whose names end in -ic: carbonate, nitrate. [<L -atum, neut. of -atus -ATE¹]