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Definition of: England
(ing′glənd)
The southern part and largest political division of Great Britain, south of Scotland and east of Wales; 50,874 square miles; capital, London: Latin Anglia. See COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS, GREAT BRITAIN, UNITED KINGDOM.
| Began to reign | |
| SOVEREIGNS OF ENGLAND1 | |
| The British Sovereign has, from Norman times, been advised in the conduct of the government by a Committee of his Privy Council, known later as the Cabinet. See these words. 2United, 1801. 3Son of Frederick, Prince of Wales, who died 1751. 4Created by Royal Proclamation July 17, 1917. Relationship is to previous sovereign, unless otherwise stated. | |
| ANGLO–SAXON LINE | A.D. |
| Egbert | 800 |
| Ethelwulf (son) | 836 |
| Ethelbald (son) | 857 |
| Ethelbert (brother) | 860 |
| Ethelred I (brother) | 866 |
| Alfred the Great (brother) | 871 |
| Edward the Elder (son) | 901 |
| Athelstan (son) | 925 |
| Edmund I (brother) | 940 |
| Edred (brother) | 946 |
| Edwy (nephew) | 955 |
| Edgar (brother) | 957 |
| Edward the Martyr (son) | 975 |
| Ethelred II, the Unready (half–brother) | 979 |
| Edmund II, Ironside (son) | 1016 |
| DANISH LINE | |
| Canute (son of Sweyn, a Viking) | 1017 |
| Harold I, Harefoot (son) | 1036 |
| Hardicanute (half–brother) | 1039 |
| SAXON LINE (RESTORED) | |
| Edward the Confessor (son of Ethelred II) | 1041 |
| Harold II (son of Earl Godwin) | 1066 |
| NORMAN LINE | |
| William I | 1066 |
| William II (son) | 1087 |
| Henry I (brother) | 1100 |
| Stephen (nephew) | 1135 |
| PLANTAGENET LINE | |
| Henry II (grandson of Henry I) | 1154 |
| Richard I (son) | 1189 |
| John (brother) | 1199 |
| Henry III (son) | 1216 |
| Edward I (son) | 1272 |
| Edward II (son) | 1307 |
| Edward III (son) | 1327 |
| Richard II (grandson) | 1377 |
| HOUSE OF LANCASTER | |
| Henry IV (grandson of Edward III) | 1399 |
| Henry V (son) | 1413 |
| Henry VI (son) | 1422 |
| HOUSE OF YORK | |
| Edward IV (great–great–grandson of Edward III) | 1461 |
| Edward V (son) | 1483 |
| Richard III (uncle) | 1483 |
| HOUSE OF TUDOR | |
| Henry VII (great–great–great–grandson of Edward III) | 1485 |
| Henry VIII (son) | 1509 |
| Edward VI (son) | 1547 |
| Mary I (half–sister) | 1553 |
| Elizabeth I (half–sister) | 1558 |
| SOVEREIGNS OF GREAT BRITAIN | |
| STUART LINE | |
| James I of England or VI of Scotland (son of Mary Queen of Scots, great–granddaughter of Henry VII) | 1603 |
| Charles I (son) | 1625 |
| COMMONWEALTH (during which Oliver Cromwell ruled as Lord Protector 1653–58, being succeeded by Richard Cromwell, his son, 1658–59; a year of anarchy followed) | |
| STUART LINE (RESTORED) | |
| Charles II (son of Charles I) | 1660 |
| James II (brother) | 1685 |
| HOUSE OF ORANGE | |
| William III (nephew) and Mary II (daughter of James II) | 1688 |
| STUART LINE | |
| Anne (daughter of James II) | 1702 |
| HOUSE OF HANOVER | |
| George I (great–grandson of James I) | 1714 |
| George II (son) | 1727 |
| SOVEREIGNS OF THE UNITED KINGDOM2 | |
| George III (grandson)3 | 1760 |
| George IV (son) | 1820 |
| William IV (brother) | 1830 |
| Victoria (niece of William IV) | 1837 |
| SAXE–COBURG LINE | |
| Edward VII (son) | 1901 |
| HOUSE OF WINDSOR4 | |
| George V (son) | 1910 |
| Edward VIII (son): abdicated | 1936 |
| George VI (brother) | 1936 |
| Elizabeth II (daughter) | 1952 |
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